camera_2d.hpp

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// This file is part of the Rendering Engine project.
// Author: Alexander Obzherin <alexanderobzherin@gmail.com>
// Copyright (c) 2026 Alexander Obzherin
// Distributed under the terms of the zlib License. See LICENSE.md for details.
 
#pragma once
 
#include <glm/glm.hpp>
#include <glm/gtc/matrix_transform.hpp>
#include <memory>
 
#include "rendering_engine_export.hpp"
 
namespace rendering_engine
{
class IApplication;
class SceneComponent2D;
 
/**
 * @class Camera2D
 * @brief Represents a 2D camera with position, rotation, and zoom control.
 *
 * Camera2D defines the view in a 2D scene, using a SceneComponent2D for transform (position, rotation, zoom).
 * The camera provides basic pan, rotation, and uniform zoom features.
 *
 * The engine uses a left-handed coordinate system:
 * - X+ : Right
 * - Y+ : Up
 * Rotation is counterclockwise, in degrees, around the Z axis (out of the screen).
 *
 * By default, the camera is at the origin, with zero rotation and unit zoom.
 *
 * @see rendering_engine::SceneComponent2D
 */
class RE_API Camera2D
{
public:
    /**
     * @brief Constructs a 2D camera at the origin, with no rotation and unit zoom.
     */
    Camera2D(IApplication& app);
 
    /**
     * @brief Virtual destructor.
     */
    virtual ~Camera2D() = default;
 
    /**
     * @brief Initializes the camera (calls Reset()).
     */
    virtual void Initialize();
 
    /**
     * @brief Updates the camera logic (no-op for now).
     * @param deltaTime Time since last update (seconds).
     */
    virtual void Update(float deltaTime);
 
    /**
     * @brief Sets the viewport dimensions used to compute the projection matrix.
     *
     * This defines the visible area of the camera in screen-space units.
     * The projection matrix will be recomputed based on these dimensions.
     *
     * @param width  Viewport width in pixels or world units.
     * @param height Viewport height in pixels or world units.
     */
    void SetViewportSize(float width, float height);
 
    /**
     * @brief Returns the current orthographic projection matrix.
     *
     * The matrix is built from the camera�s viewport size, and is typically
     * multiplied with the view (world) matrix to transform coordinates into clip space.
     *
     * @return 4�4 orthographic projection matrix.
     */
    glm::mat4 GetProjectionMatrix() const;
 
    /**
     * @brief Sets the camera position.
     * @param position 2D position (glm::vec2).
     */
    void SetPosition(const glm::vec2& position);
 
    /**
     * @brief Sets the camera rotation angle in degrees (counterclockwise, around Z).
     * @param angleDegrees Angle in degrees.
     */
    void SetRotation(float angleDegrees);
 
    /**
     * @brief Sets the camera zoom (uniform scale).
     * @param zoom Zoom factor (1.0 = no zoom).
     */
    void SetZoom(float zoom);
 
    /**
     * @brief Resets the camera to the default view (origin, zero rotation, unit zoom).
     */
    void Reset();
 
    /**
     * @brief Gets the camera position.
     * @return 2D position (glm::vec2).
     */
    glm::vec2 GetPosition() const;
 
    /**
     * @brief Gets the camera rotation angle in degrees.
     * @return Rotation angle (degrees).
     */
    float GetRotation() const;
 
    /**
     * @brief Gets the current zoom factor.
     * @return Zoom factor.
     */
    float GetZoom() const;
 
    /**
     * @brief Gets the world-view (model) matrix for the camera.
     * @return Model/view matrix (glm::mat3).
     * @note Use this to transform between world and screen space for rendering.
     */
    const glm::mat4& GetWorldView() const;
 
protected:
    glm::mat4 ComputeOrthographicMatrix(
        float left, float right,
        float top, float bottom,
        float nearPlane, float farPlane) const;
 
protected:
    IApplication& mApp;
    std::unique_ptr<SceneComponent2D> mSceneComponent;
    glm::vec2 mViewportSize;
};
 
} // namespace rendering_engine